Soild Waste Management
Soild waste Management:Sources from Industry
Sources of waste can be broadly classified into four types: Industrial,
Commercial, Domestic, and Agricultural.
Industrial Waste
These are the wastes created in factories and
industries. Most industries dump their wastes in rivers and seas which cause a
lot of pollution.
Example: plastic, glass, etc.
Commercial
Waste
Commercial wastes are produced in schools,
colleges, shops, and offices.
Example: plastic, paper, etc.
Domestic Waste
The different household wastes which are collected
during household activities like cooking, cleaning, etc. are known as domestic
wastes.
Example: leaves, vegetable peels, excreta, etc.
Agricultural Waste
Various wastes produced in the agricultural field
are known as agricultural wastes.
Example: cattle waste, weed, husk, etc.
Types of Waste
Commonly waste is classified into two types: Biodegradable and Non-biodegradable waste. These two kinds of wastes are
explained below:
Biodegradable
waste
These
are the wastes that come from our kitchen and it includes food remains, garden
waste, etc. Biodegradable waste is also known as moist waste. This can be
composted to obtain manure. Biodegradable wastes decompose themselves over a
period of time depending on the material.
Non-biodegradable waste
These
are the wastes which include old newspapers, broken glass pieces, plastics,
etc. Non-biodegradable waste is known as dry waste. Dry wastes can be recycled
and can be reused. Non-biodegradable wastes do not decompose by themselves and
hence are major pollutants.
Steps of Industrial solid Waste management
The key steps in industrial solid waste management
include: waste generation reduction (source reduction), segregation,
collection, transportation, analysis, recovery, recycling, and proper
disposal (including methods like composting, incineration, and
landfilling) depending on the waste type, with the primary focus on minimizing
waste generation through practices like reuse and recycling.
Breakdown of the steps:
· Waste Generation Reduction:
Implementing
practices to minimize the amount of waste produced at the source, such as
process optimization, using less packaging, and designing products for
durability and reusability.
· Segregation: Sorting waste at the point of generation into different categories based on material type (e.g., paper, plastic, metal, hazardous waste) to facilitate proper handling and recycling.
collection
CCollecting segregated waste from designated storage areas within the facility using appropriate containers and collection methods.
Transportation:
Safely transporting collected waste to designated processing or disposal facilities using licensed transporters.
Analysis:
Identifying the
composition and characteristics of the waste to determine the most suitable
management method.
·
Recovery:
Extracting
valuable materials from waste for reuse or recycling, including processes like
shredding, sorting, and cleaning.
·
Recycling:
Reprocessing
recovered materials into new products to reduce the need for virgin
materials.
·
Disposal:
Disposing of
waste that cannot be recycled or reused through methods like:
· Landfilling: Burying
waste in a properly lined landfill
· Incineration: Burning
waste to generate heat and reduce volume, suitable for certain types of
waste
· Composting: Transforming
organic waste into nutrient-rich soil amendment
Important considerations:
· Hazardous Waste Management:
Implementing
strict protocols for handling and disposing of hazardous waste, including
proper labeling, storage, and transportation.
· Compliance with Regulations:
Adhering to local
and national environmental regulations regarding industrial waste
management.
· Employee Training:
Educating
employees about waste management practices, segregation procedures, and proper
handling of hazardous materials.
·
Monito ring and Auditing:
Regularly
reviewing waste management practices to identify areas for improvement and
ensure compliance.
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