Concept of Extraction

Extraction
  Extraction is process in which one or more components mixture is separated from liquids or soilds mixture by means of solvent.
Consider
Feed: Phase 1
Solvant: Phase 2
   The two phase results to from extraction step one enriched Extract phase and another depleted Raffinate phase is to be separated afterwards another separation process known as Distillation is carried out.


Diagram shows four steams in Extraction process
Feed: mixture (A+B)
Component B is to separated from mixture A+B
By adding third component C as solvant i.e  extraction is in between AB+ C
 After process of extraction separation two phases are generated 
a) Raffinate phase which contains mixture A+B
b) Extract phase which contains mixture C+B
 Afterwards two phase (Extract and Raffinate)  are again separated by means of Distillation

To carry out Extraction following conditions are needed
1. One/ more component in mixture are not thermally stable.
2. The component in mixture having very high or low Boiling point requires vaccum Distillation.
3. The Boiling point of components are very close to eachother.

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